1) Pick the Right Source of Omega-3 for Dogs.
The primary source of Omega 3 fats in a supplement significantly impacts its quality and safety. Choose Omega 3 supplements derived from small, wild-caught fishes such as anchovies, sardines, etc. These species are lower on the food chain and tend to accumulate fewer toxins such as heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) compared to larger fishes such as salmon or tuna.
2) Be mindful of the Peroxide Values of the Fish Oil.The peroxide values of a fish oil measure the extent of primary oxidation. Higher peroxide values indicate that the fish oil has started to degrade and go rancid, causing harmful oxidative stress in your dog’s body. Aim for Omega 3 supplements for dogs with a PV less than 5 mEq O₂/kg to ensure freshness and prevent adverse effects. If the PV is not clearly mentioned on the product label or website, don’t hesitate to reach out to the company for more information.
3) Check the Total Oxidation Value (TOTOX) of the Omega 3 Supplement.TOTOX value provides a comprehensive assessment of both primary and secondary oxidation products in the fish oil. A TOTOX value below 26 mEq O₂/kg is indicative of a high-quality, stable oil. Regular intake of oxidized oils can lead to cellular damage and inflammation, underscoring the importance of selecting supplements with low TOTOX values.
4) Ensure that the Fish Oil has Minimal Contaminants.Contaminants such as heavy metals (e.g., mercury, lead) and PCBs pose significant health risks to dogs. High-quality products often source oil from smaller fish, like sardines and anchovies, which are less likely to accumulate toxins. They also undergo distillation process to remove these harmful substances. To ensure safety, check that the product meets international standards for purity.
The permissible limits for heavy metals in fish oil supplements vary by country and regulatory body. Below are the generally accepted maximum levels for these contaminants in natural fish oil:
- Lead: Trace amounts up to 0.5 parts per million (ppm)
- Arsenic: ≤ 1 ppm
- Cadmium: ≤ 0.5 ppm
- Mercury: ≤ 0.5 ppm
Additionally, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set a tolerance limit for PCBs in fish at 2 ppm (2 mg/kg) to ensure safety and minimize health risks.